Oracle 11g Dataguard Duplicate物理备库配置(一)之物理备库创建配置
# ver:1.5 第五次修改
# modify: 2013.8.16
# author: koumm
相关阅读：配置Oracle 11g的Dataguard测试，创建物理备库(Physical Standby Database) http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2011-08/40969.htm
Oracle 11g DataGuard 物理备库配置及Active DataGuard测试 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-08/88975.htm
有关DG的相关概念，可参考：Oracle Data Guard Concepts and Administration
有关配置DG的参数描述，可参考：Oracle Data Guard 重要配置参数 http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-08/88784.htm
基于同一主机配置 Oracle 11g Data Guard http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-08/88848.htm
说明：
本文安装配置了Oracle 11g Dataguard通过duplicate方式创建物理备库。
比起上次配置有以下不同点：
1. 主备库目录结构不同。
2. 采用duplicate方式创建物理备库。
一、环境介绍
1. 主数据库环境
操作系统版本 : OEL5.8 x64
数据库版本 : Oracle 11.2.0.3 x64
数据库名 : orcl
数据库SID : orcl
db_unique_name: orcl
instance_name : orcl
DGMGRL : orcl_DGMGRL
2. 备库环境
操作系统版本 : OEL5.8 x64
数据库版本 : Oracle 11.2.0.3 x64 （只安装oracle数据库软件,no netca dbca）
数据库名 : slave
数据库SID : slave
db_unique_name: slave
instance_name : slave
DGMGRL : slave_DGMGRL
3. DataGuard启动顺序
启动顺序：先启备库，后启主库
关闭顺序：先关主库，后关备库
二、主数据库环境准备
1. 主库环境对比
充分利用主数据库原来环境，仅量不对主库参数配置做过多的修改。
重新创建口令文件
# su - oracle
$ orapwd file='/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/orapworcl' password=oracle entries=10 force=y
2. 修改配置lisener监听文件
说明：添加dgmgrl静态监听配置，为后面的dg broker配置打基础。
$ cat /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.233.200)(PORT = 1521))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
)
)
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcl)
(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1)
(SID_NAME = orcl)
)
(SID_DESC =
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcl_DGMGRL)
(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1)
(SID_NAME = orcl)
)
)
ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/app/oracle
#其中的GLOBAL_DBNAME具有固定的格式：<db_unique_name>_DGMGRL.<db_domain>。
4. 修改配置tnsname.ora文件
说明：ORCL是主库的服务名，DG是备库的服务名。
$ vi /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
ORCL =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.233.200)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
)
)
SLAVE =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.233.150)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = slave)
)
)
5. 修改配置成规档模式
1)、检查数据库是否处于归档状态
SQL> archive log list;
SQL> shutdown immediate;
SQL> startup mount;
SQL> alter database archivelog;
SQL> alter database flashback on;
SQL> alter database open;
2)、将主库设置为 FORCE LOGGING 模式
SQL> alter database force logging;
SQL> select force_logging,flashback_on from v$database;
FOR FLASHBACK_ON
--- ------------------
YES YES
6. 修改主库参数文件
SQL>
alter system set instance_name='orcl' scope=spfile;
alter system set db_unique_name='orcl' scope=spfile;
alter system set local_listener='orcl' scope=spfile;
alter system set log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(orcl,slave)';
alter system set log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/u01/archivelog/ valid_for=(all_logfiles,all_roles) db_unique_name=orcl' scope=spfile;
alter system set log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=slave lgwr async valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=slave' scope=spfile;
alter system set log_archive_format='arch_%r_%t_%s.arc' scope=spfile;
alter system set fal_client='orcl' scope=spfile;
alter system set fal_server='slave' scope=spfile;
alter system set standby_file_management=AUTO;
alter database add standby logfile group 4 '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/standby_redo04.log' size 50M;
alter database add standby logfile group 5 '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/standby_redo05.log' size 50M;
alter database add standby logfile group 6 '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/standby_redo06.log' size 50M;
alter database add standby logfile group 7 '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/standby_redo07.log' size 50M;
SQL> shutdown immediate;
SQL> startup;
三、备库配置
1. 备库环境
操作系统版本 : OEL5.8 x64
数据库版本 : Oracle 11.2.0.3 x64 （只安装oracle数据库软件,no netca dbca）
数据库名 : slave
数据库SID : slave
db_unique_name: slave
instance_name : slave
DGMGRL : slave_DGMGRL
2. 修改配置lisener监听文件
$ vi /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.233.150)(PORT = 1521))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
)
)
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = slave)
(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1)
(SID_NAME = slave)
)
(SID_DESC =
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = slave_DGMGRL)
(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1)
(SID_NAME = slave)
)
)
ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/app/oracle
其中的GLOBAL_DBNAME具有固定的格式：<db_unique_name>_DGMGRL.<db_domain>。
3. 修改配置tnsname.ora文件
说明：ORCL是主库的服务名，DG是备库的服务名。
$ vi /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
ORCL =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.233.200)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
)
)
SLAVE =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.233.150)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = slave)
)
)
测试服务名连通性：
tnsping orcl
tnsping slave
3. 创建11g数据库基本目录
# su - oracle
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/slave/{adump,dpdump,pfile,scripts}
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata/slave
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/slave
mkdir -p /u01/archivelog
4. 拷贝主库口令文件并改名
注：10g DG环境只要求密码相同，11g DG则要求与主库完全一致。
否则报无权限错误。
$ cd /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/
$ scp oracle@192.168.233.150:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/orapworcl $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/
$ mv orapworcl orapwslave
测试远程登录
$ sqlplus sys/oracle@orcl as sysdba;
$ sqlplus sys/oracle@slave as sysdba;
5. 启动到nomount状态
$ echo 'db_name=slave' > $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initslave.ora
$ sqlplus /nolog
SQL> conn / as sysdba;
SQL> startup nomount;
四、 开始在RMAN duplicate数据库
1. RMAN同进连接主库与备库
$ rman target sys/oracle@orcl auxiliary sys/oracle@slave
恢复管理器: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on 星期五 8月 16 21:14:10 2013
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
已连接到目标数据库: ORCL (DBID=1351417842)
已连接到辅助数据库: SLAVE (未装载)
2. 开始duplicate数据库
RMAN>
run {
allocate channel c1 type disk;
allocate channel c2 type disk;
allocate auxiliary channel stby type disk;
duplicate target database for standby nofilenamecheck from active database
dorecover
spfile
parameter_value_convert 'orcl','slave'
set instance_name='slave'
set db_unique_name='slave'
set local_listener='slave'
set db_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/slave/'
set log_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/slave/'
set control_files='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/slave/control01.ctl','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/slave/control02.ctl','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/slave/control03.ctl'
set log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/u01/archivelog/ valid_for=(all_logfiles,all_roles) db_unique_name=slave'
set log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=orcl lgwr async valid_for=(online_logfile,primary_role) db_unique_name=orcl'
set log_archive_max_processes='5'
set standby_file_management='AUTO'
set fal_client='slave'
set fal_server='orcl';
release channel c1;
release channel c2;
release channel stby;
}
RMAN> quit
恢复管理器完成。
3. 查看备库状态
说明：duplicate数据库之后，备库只是处于mount状态，查看备库状态。
$ sqlplus / as sysdba
# 查看备库状态
SQL> select open_mode,database_role,db_unique_name from v$database;
OPEN_MODE DATABASE_ROLE DB_UNIQUE_NAME
-------------------- ---------------- ------------------------------
MOUNTED PHYSICAL STANDBY slave
4. 将备库置与应用日志模式状态
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session;
Database altered.
5. 验证物理备库日志应用
1）主库上操作
SQL> conn / as sysdba;
SQL> create user abc identified by abc ;
SQL> grant dba to abc;
SQL> conn abc/abc
SQL> create table abc ( id integer , name char(10));
SQL> insert into abc values ( 0 , 'aaa' );
SQL> commit;
SQL> conn / as sysdba;
SQL> archive log list;
数据库日志模式 存档模式
自动存档 启用
存档终点 /u01/archivelog/
最早的联机日志序列 8
下一个存档日志序列 10
当前日志序列 10
2）备库上验证
SQL> archive log list
数据库日志模式 存档模式
自动存档 启用
存档终点 /u01/archivelog/
最早的联机日志序列 9
下一个存档日志序列 0
当前日志序列 10
